[Health from ecological justice: from the regeneration of wild nature to the prevention of future pandemics.] / La salud desde la justicia ecológica: de la regeneración de la naturaleza salvaje a la prevención de futuras pandemias.

The aim of this article is to explore a philosophical perspective on health linked to the restoration of wild nature, especially on the basis of some lessons that can be drawn from the spread of recent zoonotic diseases. The first section presents the relationship that the COVID-19 pandemic has maintained with social justice, venturing the thesis that ecological justice is a dimension that should be incorporated with deeper attention. To justify this, the following sections propose, first at the conceptual level, to approach a concept of health that is plural, dynamic and interdependent, and, then at the pragmatic level, to take as a reference the casuistry that shows an inverse correlation between the presence of wild biodiversity in a territory and contagion by zoonoses. In sum, these thoughts may lead to justify anticipatory duties for future pandemics and a responsibility for global health that deserve to be analyzed from an ethical point of view.

Este artículo trata de explorar una perspectiva filosófica de la salud vinculada a la restauración de la naturaleza salvaje, especialmente a raíz de algunos aprendizajes que podemos extraer de la propagación de enfermedades zoonóticas recientes. En el primer apartado se presenta la relación que ha mantenido la pandemia de la COVID-19 con la justicia social, aventurando la tesis de que la justicia ecológica es una dimensión que debería ser incorporada con mayor atención. Para justificar esto, en los siguientes apartados se propone, primero a nivel conceptual, abordar un concepto de salud que sea plural, dinámico e interdependiente, y, luego a nivel pragmático, tomar como referencia la casuística que muestra una correlación inversa entre la presencia de biodiversidad salvaje en un territorio y el contagio por zoonosis. En suma, estos pensamientos pueden llevar a justificar deberes anticipatorios de futuras pandemias y a una responsabilidad por la salud global que merecen ser analizados desde la ética.

La salud desde la justicia ecológica: de la regeneración de la naturalezasalvaje a la prevención de futuraspandemias / Health from ecological justice: from the regeneration of wild nature to the prevention of future pandemics

Este artículo trata de explorar una perspectiva filosófica de la salud vinculada a la restauración de la naturaleza salvaje, especial-mente a raíz de algunos aprendizajes que podemos extraer de la propagación de enfermedades zoonóticas recientes. En el primerapartado se presenta la relación que ha mantenido la pandemia de la COVID-19 con la justicia social, aventurando la tesis de que lajusticia ecológica es una dimensión que debería ser incorporada con mayor atención. Para justificar esto, en los siguientes apartadosse propone, primero a nivel conceptual, abordar un concepto de salud que sea plural, dinámico e interdependiente, y, luego a nivelpragmático, tomar como referencia la casuística que muestra una correlación inversa entre la presencia de biodiversidad salvaje enun territorio y el contagio por zoonosis. En suma, estos pensamientos pueden llevar a justificar deberes anticipatorios de futuraspandemias y a una responsabilidad por la salud global que merecen ser analizados desde la ética.(AU)

The aim of this article is to explore a philosophical perspective on health linked to the restoration of wild nature, especially on thebasis of some lessons that can be drawn from the spread of recent zoonotic diseases. The first section presents the relationship thatthe COVID-19 pandemic has maintained with social justice, venturing the thesis that ecological justice is a dimension that should beincorporated with deeper attention. To justify this, the following sections propose, first at the conceptual level, to approach a conceptof health that is plural, dynamic and interdependent, and, then at the pragmatic level, to take as a reference the casuistry that showsan inverse correlation between the presence of wild biodiversity in a territory and contagion by zoonoses. In sum, these thoughtsmay lead to justify anticipatory duties for future pandemics and a responsibility for global health that deserve to be analyzed froman ethical point of view.(AU)

Modeling Child-Nature Interaction in a Nature Preschool: A Proof of Concept.

This article provides a proof of concept for an approach to modeling child-nature interaction based on the idea of interaction patterns: characterizations of essential features of interaction between humans and nature, specified abstractly enough such that countless different instantiations of each one can occur - in more domestic or wild forms - given different types of nature, people, and purposes. The model draws from constructivist psychology, ecological psychology, and evolutionary psychology, and is grounded in observational data collected through a time-sampling methodology at a nature preschool. Through using a nature language that emphasizes ontogenetic and phylogenetic significance, seven keystone interaction patterns are described for this nature preschool: using one's body vigorously in nature, striking wood on wood, constructing shelter, being in solitude in nature, lying on earth, cohabiting with a wild animal, and being outside in weather. These 7 interactions patterns are then brought together with 13 other patterns published elsewhere to provide a total of 20 keystone interaction patterns that begin to fill out the model, and to show its promise. Discussion focuses on what the model aims to be in terms of both product and process, on what work the model can currently do, and how to further develop the model.

Into the Woods or a Stroll in the Park: How Virtual Contact with Nature Impacts Positive and Negative Affect.

This study examined the effects of virtual contact with nature on positive and negative affect, and investigated the psychological process of perceived restorativeness as a mediator of this relationship. A sample of 220 Australians aged between 18 and 75 years (M = 49.07, SD = 14.34, female = 72%) participated in the study. Participants were randomly allocated to one of the three experimental conditions experienced through video presentations: (1) 'wild' nature, (2) 'urban' nature, and (3) non-nature control. They then completed measures of perceived restorativeness as well as positive and negative affect. Compared to the non-nature control condition, the experience of wild nature resulted in significantly higher levels of positive affect and lower levels of negative affect. The experience of urban nature resulted in significantly lower levels of negative affect only compared to the non-nature control video. Experience of wild and urban nature resulted in greater perceptions of restorativeness as compared to the non-nature control video. Restorativeness was a significant underlying psychological mediating path through which nature experience exerted its influence on affect. These results have the potential to inform nature-based green care interventions for mental health as well as for urban planning to maximize beneficial effects of natural environments.